Abstract
The effect of different processing routes on the microstructure of nanocrystalline ceria powder has been investigated. The nanocrystalline ceria is produced by solid state high energy ball milling (HEBM) and liquid state solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method. The liquid state route consists of a high temperature combustion reaction to form ceria from an aqueous solution of cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an oxidizer and citric acid (CA) plus glycine (G) as mixed fuels. The powders have been characterized using techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microstructural characterizations show that the particle size distribution of the ball milled ceria powder is much wider than that of ceria produced by the SCS. The scanning electron micrographs show that the ball milled ceria powders are compact and dense structure while SCS ceria powders are scattered and porous.
Highlights
The liquid state route consists of a high temperature combustion reaction to form ceria from an aqueous solution of cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an oxidizer and citric acid (CA) plus glycine (G) as mixed fuels
Nanocrystalline ceria has been a supreme choice for advanced engineering applications such as, electronic, photonic, fuel cells, sensing device etc., and it cannot be ignored by present researchers [1,2,3,4]
1) The nanocrystalline ceria powder is successfully produced by both high energy ball milling and solution combustion synthesis methods
Summary
Nanocrystalline ceria has been a supreme choice for advanced engineering applications such as, electronic, photonic, fuel cells, sensing device etc., and it cannot be ignored by present researchers [1,2,3,4]. From economical point of view, modern researchers are very keen to use high energy ball milling technique to produce nanocrystalline powders owing to its simple and environmental friendly nature while the other methods are more expensive. They require high temperature maintenance, inert atmosphere and/or hazardous chemicals [6,7,8,9]. The solution combustion synthesis method is very quick and easy to talk about and consumes less time It involves a high temperature combustion of aqueous solution of an oxidiser and a fuel. The produced ceria powders have been characterized and compared for their particle size, size distribution and microstructural evolution
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