Effect of Swietenia macrophylla king and Eriobotrya japonica lindl on clinic biochemistry of hyperglycemic Vistar rats

Abstract

The anti-hyperglycemic activity in ethanolic extracts of mahogany seeds (Swietenia macrophylla king) and medlar leaves (Eriobotrya japonica lindl) have shown to be promising candidates for use in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus due to their high hypoglycemic capacity. In this study, the nutritional composition of the plant material used and a comparison of the effect of ethanolic extracts of mahogany seeds (Swietenia), medlar leaves (Eriobotrya), and metformin on biochemical parameters of hyperglycemic Wistar rats were evaluated. Regarding the nutritional composition, it was found that loquat leaves have a high content of dietary fiber (35 g/100 g bs); while mahogany seed has a good amount of protein (19 %) and lipids (71 %). Swietenia was effective in controlling biochemical parameters of hyperglycemic rats, but at a lower level than metformin. In contrast, Eriobotrya reduced the glucose content, to values without significant differences from the control group in healthy rats. However, the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, and urea; as well as alanine aminotransferase activity, was lower in rats treated with Eriobotrya. In conclusion, both plants are an alternative to control biochemical parameters at normal levels in hyperglycemic individuals.