Effect of supramucosal height of a scan body and implant angulation on the accuracy of intraoral scanning: An in vitro study

Abstract

Statement of problemIntraoral scanners (IOSs) provide a digital alternative to conventional implant impression techniques. However, the effect of the supramucosal height of the scan body and implant angulation on the accuracy of IOSs remains unclear. PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the impact of the supramucosal height of the scan body and implant angulation on the accuracy (trueness and precision) of intraoral digital implant scans in partially edentulous models. Material and methodsTwo maxillary partially edentulous casts with 4 implant analogs were fabricated, 1 with 4 parallel implants (P-groups) and 1 with 2 implants distally inclined 18 degrees (A-groups). An implant scan body was positioned on each implant analog (CARES RC Mono Scanbody). For each cast, 3 subgroups were determined based on the soft tissue moulage fabricated for each reference cast exposing 3 mm (P-3 and A-3 subgroups), 5 mm (P-5 and A-5 subgroups), and 7 mm (P-7 and A-7 subgroups) of the implant scan bodies. The 2 reference casts were registered by using a coordinate measurement machine and desktop scanner (7 Series Dental Wings) and then scanned using an IOS (TRIOS 4) (n=15). Linear and angular discrepancy values and root mean square (RMS) error values between the implant scan bodies measured on the reference and experimental scans were computed with an inspection software program (Geomagic). Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction were applied for planned comparisons (α=.05/9 ≈ .006). ResultsFor linear discrepancies, statistically significant differences were found between groups P-3 and A-3 (P=.004) and between P-7 and A-7 (P=.005). For angular discrepancies, statistically significant differences were found between groups A-3 and A-5 (P=.002) and between P-7 and A-7 (P=.003). The RMS error analysis found no statistically significant differences among the groups. ConclusionsImplant angulation of 18 degrees did not significantly affect the accuracy of the intraoral scans in terms of 6 of the 9 planned comparisons, although the angled groups had lower mean values. Also, the supramucosal height of the scan body did not significantly affect the accuracy of the intraoral scans in terms of 17 of the 18 planned comparisons. Results may vary with different implant scan body designs.