Effect of superplasticizer and silica fume on the properties of self-compacting mortars

Abstract

Self-compacting concrete is a highly flowing concrete that compact under self-weight without any vibration effort. The mortar phase of self-compacting concrete determines its rheological, strength characteristics, and durability. This paper discusses the effect of superplasticizer and silica fume on the properties of self-compacting mortars. Mini-slump flow diameter tests were conducted to determine the rheological properties of mortar mixtures, and compressive strength, density, water absorption, porosity experiments to assess the hardened properties of mortar specimens. Analysis of regression models shows that the use of superplasticizer reduces the water demand of mortar mixtures by up to 40 %, and the addition of silica fume leads to the densification of cement stone structure and reduces the porosity of concrete to 24 %. The maximum compressive strength at 2 days can be achieved with a superplasticizer content of 0.8-1.0 % and 0-5 % silica fume by binder weight, and at 28 days – with 1.0-1.2 % superplasticizer and 10-15 % silica fume content. According to X-ray phase analysis in a cement stone containing superplasticizer and silica fume, the degree of cement hydration increases and reduces the amount of portlandite, which leads to an increase in the strength and durability of the concrete.