Abstract
This work was aimed at investigating the effect of process parameters on dilute acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of spent citronella biomass (after citronella oil extraction) and sugarcane bagasse on total reducing sugar (TRS) yield. In acid pretreatment, the parameters studied were acid concentration, temperature, and time. At the optimized condition (0.1 M H2SO4, 120°C, and 120 min), maximum TRS obtained was 452.27 mg·g−1and 487.50 mg·g−1for bagasse and citronella, respectively. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated biomass usingTrichoderma reesei26291 showed maximum TRS yield of 226.99 mg·g−1for citronella and 282.85 mg·g−1for bagasse at 10 FPU, 50°C, and 48 hr. The maximum crystallinity index (CI) of bagasse and citronella after acid pretreatment obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis was 64.41% and 56.18%, respectively. Decreased CI after enzymatic hydrolysis process to 37.28% and 34.16% for bagasse and citronella, respectively, revealed effective conversion of crystalline cellulose to glucose. SEM analysis of the untreated and treated biomass revealed significant hydrolysis of holocellulose and disruption of lignin.
Highlights
Lignocellulosic biomass remains one of the most promising renewable feedstocks for the production of bioenergy and biochemicals as it is available in abundance, economical, and eco-friendly
Lignocellulosic biomass contains varying composition of hemicellulose (20–40 wt%), cellulose (40– 50 wt%), and lignin (15–30 wt%), associated with each other in a heteromatrix to different degrees depending on the source, species, and type of biomass [3,4,5]
Spent citronella biomass and sugarcane bagasse obtained from local farms of Karbi Anglong and Guwahati, Assam (India) were dried, chopped into small pieces, ground, sieved to 1 mm sizes using 16 BSS mesh screen, and stored in a zipped lock plastic bag at ambient temperature until use
Summary
Lignocellulosic biomass remains one of the most promising renewable feedstocks for the production of bioenergy and biochemicals as it is available in abundance, economical, and eco-friendly. Aromatic spent biomasses such as Citronella and Mentha are the most abundant and underutilized biological resources. Lignocellulosic biomass contains varying composition of hemicellulose (20–40 wt%), cellulose (40– 50 wt%), and lignin (15–30 wt%), associated with each other in a heteromatrix to different degrees depending on the source, species, and type of biomass [3,4,5]. Besides having high calorific value, ideal biomass for bioenergy production should contain high cellulose and hemicellulose. Sugarcane bagasse contains 32–43% cellulose, 19–34% hemicellulose, and 25–32% insoluble lignin [7,8,9]. The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels through sugar platform process involves a pretreatment step to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of holocellulose to their constituent sugars, fermentation of pentose and hexose sugars, and downstream processing
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