Abstract
Objective: This study assessed the effect of shelf life of a ceramic primer containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) monomer on microshear bond strength of zirconia ceramic to composite resin.
 Materials and Methods: Sixty-four sintered zirconia samples (1.5×5×7 mm) were pretreated with Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CCP) at baseline and after one, two and six months of storage at 6°C. Composite cylinders were fabricated using Tygon tubes (1 mm height, 0.7 mm diameter) and placed on treated zirconia blocks, light-cured and subjected to microshear bond strength test. Mode of failure was determined under a stereomicroscope. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed at each storage time point. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. 
 Results: Significant differences were noted in microshear bond strength after six months of storage compared to baseline (P<0.05). Significant differences were noted in FTIR spectra at the four time points (P<0.05).
 Conclusions: The effectiveness of one-component ceramic primer in bonding to zirconia was significantly affected by the storage of this material in a time-dependent manner. Visible new peaks and changes in FTIR spectra over time indicated alterations in the composition of ceramic primer affecting its shelf life.
Highlights
Since 2010, a positive test for the anti-cyclic Dental application of zirconia-based ceramics has greatly increased due to favorable esthetics, optimal mechanical properties and biocompatibility [1]
The post hoc Tukey’s test (Table 2) revealed that the difference in bond strength at baseline and after one and two months was not significant (P>0.05); significant differences were noted at six months compared to the baseline and one-month storage groups (P
Results of Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis: Figure 2 shows changes in FTIR spectra and the peaks representing the bonds over time
Summary
Since 2010, a positive test for the anti-cyclic Dental application of zirconia-based ceramics has greatly increased due to favorable esthetics, optimal mechanical properties and biocompatibility [1]. Resins containing phosphoric acid ester monomer, 10methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) are currently widely accepted to enhance the bond to zirconia ceramics by increasing wettability and formation of strong hydrogen and covalent bonds [4]. This monomer has been known as one of the most effective functional monomers to achieve bonding to the tooth structure, and to restorative materials and alloys [4]. On the other hand, bonding of resins to silicatebased ceramics has been enhanced by silane coupling agents. The adhesion of silane coupling agents and non-silica-based restorative materials such as alumina, zirconia or metals is weaker than the silica-based ceramics.
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