Effect of some Soil Amendments and Irrigation Treatments on Wheat Crop Productivity in Middle Egypt

Abstract

This study was carried out during the winter two seasons 2015 , 2016 on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Malawi Agricultural Research Station in El-Minya Governorate, Egypt to study the effectiveness of three irrigation scheduling treatments (farmer practice (I1), irrigation with 100% ETo (I2) and irrigation with 75% of ETo(I3)) along with five treatments (100% N, potassium humate (KH), 75%N+KH, 50% N +KH and 25%N +KH). Results of soil chemical properties revealed that no great variables were observed in pH values between all treatments either when applied full dose of nitrogen fertilizer (100% N) , K-humate (KH) alone or K-humate (KH) in combination with nitrogen rates. This result was true for both studied season. Mean values of soil EC, in general, were increased when applied low nitrogen rate. Also, irrigation at I3 (75% ET0) recorded high value of EC as compared to other irrigation treatments. Moreover, organic matter values were increased as affected by K–humate application as compared with control treatment (only nitrogen fertilizer) as well as OM content in I1 ( Farmer practice) irrigation treatment decreased as compared to other application irrigation treatments. Concerning available N,P and K mean values showed an increase in N , P and K availability when applied K-humate in combination with nitrogen fertilizer as compared to applied N fertilizer alone. Applied K-humate with 75% N seems to be favorable treatment than other treatments. Applied Irrigation treatment 75% Et0 was superior for NPK availability as compared to other irrigation treatment. Also, date reveled that highest crop water requirements (CWR( and seasonal water consumption use )WCU( under farmer irrigation practice in the two growing seasons and the lowest value was under irrigation treatment with (I3) of ETo. The mean values of WCU were decreased when applied different nitrogen rates The value of WUE as a mean of two growing seasons were higher with irrigation treatment (I2) , also, with K humate in combination with 75% N rate.In addition, data showed that wheat yield and its components had significantly influenced by different applied treatments, compared to the control treatment. The plants receiving irrigation treatment at (100% of ETo) in presence of KH +75% nitrogen gave the highest wheat yield components as compared to other tested treatments. Similar trend was recorded for total content of nitrogen, phosphors and potassium in wheat plant.