Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Nubaria Agricultural Research Station (calcareous sandy loam soil),30.900 E, 29.960 N, and 25 m above sea level, El-Behiera governorate, Egypt, in the two successive seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to assess the suitability of using infrared thermometer in irrigation scheduling of wheat crop, and to determine the effect of irrigation treatments on wheat grain and straw yields, water consumptive use, amounts of applied water, stress index and water utilization efficiency. Three irrigation treatments, based on the temperature difference (dt) between air (Ta) and canopy (Tc), were adopted to accomplish the tested objectives. The irrigation treatments were, I1 irrigating when the difference between the canopy temperature (Tc), and air temperature (Ta) =-1 °C, I2 irrigating when Tc- Ta = 0 °C,and I3, irrigating when Tc- Ta = +1°C. Results revealed that maximum grain and straw, wheat yields were produced when irrigating at dt= -1 °C, in two growing seasons.The total amounts of applied irrigation water for wheat crop were 42.1, 36.5 and 29.7 cm for I1, I2 and I3 treatments, respectively, in first season, and were 41.7, 36.1 and 30.6 cm for the same respective treatments, in the second season. The seasonal water consumption were 32.4, 26.8 and 21.2 cm for I1, I2 and I3 treatments, respectively in the first season, whilein the second season, the values were 30.3, 25.3 and 20.0 cm for the same treatments, respectively. The highest values of stress index were recorded with I3and I2 irrigation treatments, while, the lowest value was recorded with I1tratment. The highest values of water utilization efficiency (1.68 and 1.93 Kg grain per m3applied irrigation water) were obtained by I1treatment (dt=-1 °C). in the first and second seasons, respectively. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that infrared thermometer can be used as an easy tool for scheduling irrigation of wheat crop based on the measurements of canopy and air temperatures.
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