Abstract
BackgroundRoot-knot nematodes are among the world’s most damaging endoparasitic sedentary nematodes, especially, Meloidogyne incognita that infects a wide range of plant hosts. The activity of different antagonistic bacteria was studied for the low-cost and eco-friendly management of M. incognita on eggplant.Main bodyTwenty-five isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soils infected with nematodes. Of these, 6 isolates displayed the highest activity, demonstrating 100% mortality of J2 nematodes under laboratory conditions. Partial sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis was used to identify the selected isolates and they were found to be Paenibacillus amylolyticus, Brevibacillus agri, Gluconobacter frateurii, Beijerinckia mobilis, Achromobacter aloeverae, and Pseudomonas stutzeri. The abilities of the selected isolates to produce hydrogen cyanide, siderophores, chitinase, protease, indole acetic acid, and to dissolve phosphorus were also detected.ConclusionThe results of the greenhouse experiment indicated that all the tested bacteria had a greatly significant effectiveness for suppressing root-knot nematode M. incognita. Application of all the rhizosphere bacteria and their combinations reduced the number of galls, number of juveniles, egg-masses, eggs, females, and total final population. All bio-agent treatments succeeded in improving the plant growth parameters and increased the microbial density in eggplant rhizosphere.
Highlights
Root-knot nematodes are among the world’s most damaging endoparasitic sedentary nematodes, especially, Meloidogyne incognita that infects a wide range of plant hosts
Application of all the rhizosphere bacteria and their combinations reduced the number of galls, number of juveniles, egg-masses, eggs, females, and total final population
Isolation and screening of bacterial agents with nematicidal properties A total of 25 bacterial isolates were isolated from the rhizosphere of nematode-infested soils in North Sinai, Cairo Governorates, Egypt
Summary
Root-knot nematodes are among the world’s most damaging endoparasitic sedentary nematodes, especially, Meloidogyne incognita that infects a wide range of plant hosts. Root-knot nematodes are among the world’s most damaging endoparasitic sedentary nematodes (Trudgill and Blok 2001). Of the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne species are known to be the most extensively distributed in tropical and subtropical countries on a large range of plant hosts including crop and vegetable seeds, ornamentals, fruit trees, and weeds (Luc et al 2005). In Egypt, eggplant is known to be extremely susceptible to infection with rootknot nematode (Abd-Elgawad 2014). This may raise the vulnerability of the crop to certain wild diseases such as bacterial and fungal wilt (Tharshani and Sivapalan 2009)
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