Abstract

采用盆栽试验研究正常供水(土壤含水量为田间最大持水量的75%)、轻度水分胁迫(55%)、中度水分胁迫(35%)和重度水分胁迫(20%)条件下,茶树“铁观音”和“福鼎大白茶”2年生幼苗光合作用-光响应特性。结果表明:“铁观音”、“福鼎大白茶”光合作用-光响应曲线符合指数模型。在正常供水条件下,“铁观音”、“福鼎大白茶”的最大光合速率(<i>Pn</i><sub>max</sub>)分别为8.169 μmol(CO<sub>2</sub)·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>、3.946 μmol(CO<sub>2</sub>)·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>,表观量子效率(<i>AQY</i>)分别为0.039 μmol(CO<sub>2</sub>)·μmol<sup>-1</sup>、0.024 μmol(CO<sub>2</sub>)·μmol<sup>-1</sup>,光饱和点(<i>LSP</i>)分别为973.07 μmol·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>、775.78 μmol·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>,光补偿点(<i>LCP</i>)分别为5.15 μmol·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>、6.49 μmol·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>,暗呼吸速率(<i>Rd</i>)分别为1.025 μmol(CO<sub>2</sub)·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>、1.040 μmol(CO<sub>2</sub)·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>。土壤水分胁迫使“铁观音”、“福鼎大白茶”<i>Pn</i><sub>max</sub>、<i>AQY、LSP</i>显著降低,而<i>LCP</i>及<i>Rd</i>提高。无论在正常供水还是在水分胁迫下,“铁观音”均表现出更高的光合活性,其<i>Pn</i>、<i>Pn</i><sub>max</sub>、<i>LSP</i>及<i>AQY</i>均比“福鼎大白茶”高,而<i>Rd</i>、</i>LCP</i>比“福鼎大白茶”低。表明生长在同一生境中的“铁观音”对光照、土壤水分的生态适应能力高于“福鼎大白茶”。

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