Abstract
为了解土壤有机质对有效磷与总磷、水提取磷与有效磷关系的影响, 采用田间调查的方法, 对洛阳市郊主要农田4种土壤耕作层土壤进行取样调查, 并采用常规土壤测试方法, 分别测定土样有机质、全磷、有效磷和水提取磷含量。根据有机质含量(高于或低于16.0 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>)把土样分成两组, 对两组土样的总磷与有效磷、有效磷与水提取磷分别做相关关系分析。结果表明: 与低有机质土样组相比, 高有机质土样组有效磷与总磷相关方程的斜率较大, 水提取磷与有效磷相关方程的斜率较小, 这一趋势在以Olsen法和Mehlich-3法测定有效磷时均相同。表明在缺磷环境中, 有机质增加条件下, 虽然磷的生物有效性降低, 但有助于在土壤溶液中维持相对较高的磷酸根浓度, 这可能是由于磷的周转加快; 随着土壤磷含量增加, 有机质增加有助于更快提高磷的生物有效性, 但土壤溶液中维持相对较低的磷酸根浓度, 这可能有助于减轻农田磷的渗漏流失。
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