Abstract
Abstract Grapevines can be grown in different soil classes and climatic conditions. However, the effect of these variables on grapevine and grape composition is complex. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil classes and climatic conditions on productive and physico-chemical characteristics and phenolic compounds of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. The experiment was carried out in São Joaquim (SC), located on the Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina. Cabernet Sauvignon variety was analyzed in three soils (Dystrudepts, Humudepts and Rhodudalfs) and two harvests (2015 and 2016). The climatic variables analyzed were rainfall, insolation and average, maximum and minimum temperatures. Soil physical-chemical attributes, productive and physico-chemical characteristics and phenolic compounds of grapes were analyzed. Both soil class and harvests had significant effect on productive and physico-chemical characteristics and phenolic compounds of grapes. Soil was more important for productive characteristics and phenolic compounds, while meteorological conditions were more important for the physico-chemical characteristics of grapes. Productive characteristics and grape composition were more adequate to wine production in the 2016 harvest and in Rhodudalfs and Dystrudepts soil classes.
Highlights
The Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina stands out as an emerging pole of Brazilian viticulture, especially Vitis vinifera grape varieties (LOSSO, 2016)
The typicity of wines from this variety is dependent on soil and climatic conditions, management, production and winemaking (ZOCCHE, 2009)
Grapes produced in the Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina show characteristics distinct from the other producing regions of Brazil, since summer is milder (TONIETTO and MANDELLI, 2003), which allows greater vegetative cycle, with complete phenological maturation and elaboration of fine wines (BRIGHENTI and TONIETTO, 2004; BORGHEZAN et al, 2011; LUCIANO, 2012)
Summary
The Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina stands out as an emerging pole of Brazilian viticulture, especially Vitis vinifera grape varieties (LOSSO, 2016). The climate has a strong influence in the other components of the natural environment, in the interaction with soil as well as the cultivar and the vine cultivation techniques. In this way, grapes produced in the Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina show characteristics distinct from the other producing regions of Brazil, since summer is milder (TONIETTO and MANDELLI, 2003), which allows greater vegetative cycle, with complete phenological maturation and elaboration of fine wines (BRIGHENTI and TONIETTO, 2004; BORGHEZAN et al, 2011; LUCIANO, 2012). Soils with low weathering degree, younger (low effective depth), accumulate more water and are less suitable for the production of quality wines (VAN LEEUWEN and SEGUIN, 2006), producing wines of low alcoholic content and high acidity
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