Effect of simultaneous application of antioxidants in oil and in chicken on heterocyclic aromatic amine formation in deep-fat fried chicken breast

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the effects of simultaneous application of antioxidants in meat and in oil on heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) formation in fried chicken during 40 deep-fat frying cycles. The experiment was carried out by adding Adinandra nitida leaf extract (ANE) (200 mg/100 g) to chicken while adding tea polyphenols (TP) (40 mg/100 g), sesamol (SL) (40 mg/100 g), or rosemary extract (RE) (40 mg/100 g) to soybean oil. It was found that the addition of TP, SL or RE in oil reduced the lipid oxidation and the formation of total HAAs in meats. Adding ANE alone to meat reduced total HAA contents in meats by 11.98%–38.00%; simultaneously adding TP, SL or RE to oil reduced total HAA contents in meats by 33.98%–61.46%, 15.86%–44.94%, and 25.22%–48.01%, respectively, during 40 frying cycles. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant correlations (all absolute values of correlation coefficients > 0.53) between HAA formation and oxidation indices. This research supplies evidence that adding antioxidants to both meat and oil inhibits HAA formation during deep-fat frying.