Effect of silver incorporation on the photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red 120 using ZnS nanoparticles under UV and solar light irradiation

Abstract

In this work, the Ag modified ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized via the hydrothermal method, and used for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Various analytical techniques were utilized to characterize the prepared ZnS and Ag incorporated ZnS nanoparticles. The vibrational and structural properties of the prepared nanoparticles were analyzed by FT-IR and XRD, which confirm the modification of Ag in the ZnS. The broadening of the hydroxyl group after incorporation of Ag in ZnS was observed in the FT-IR spectra. The additional (111), (200), and (220) planes in XRD of Ag–ZnS belong to the silver. The increased absorbance in the entire visible region facilitates the ZnS/Ag photocatalytic performance under direct sunlight. ZnS/Ag nanoparticles showed excellent photocatalytic activity toward degradation of RR 120, DB 15, and AB 1. The ZnS/Ag catalyst efficiently degrades the RR 120 under sunlight with higher pseudo-first order kinetic k = 0.0179 min−1 than the other dyes. The reusability study exhibited ZnS/Ag has highly stable and degraded more than 80% of RR 120 under sunlight irradiation after 4th cycle.