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Abstract
Rheological and filtration properties of drilling fluid contribute a vital role in successful drilling operations. Rheological parameters such as apparent viscosity (AV), plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP) and gel strength of drilling fluids are very essential for hydraulic calculations and lifting of drill cuttings during the drilling operation. Control of filtration loss volume is also very important for cost effective and successful drilling operations. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to improve the rheological and filtration properties of Grewia Optiva fibre powder (GOFP) by using 30–50 nm size of silica nano particles (SNP) in water-based drilling fluid. The experimental outcomes revealed that after hot rolling of mud samples at 100 °C for 16 h, the low pressure-low temperature (LPLT) and high pressure-high temperature (HPHT) filtration loss of GOFP additives was improved, after the addition of SNP on it. The mixture of 5% GOFP + 4% SNP has reduced the LPLT and HPHT filtration loss of drilling fluid by 74.03 and 78.12%, respectively, as compared to base mud. Thus, it was concluded that after the addition of 0.4% SNP, the LPLT and HPHT filtration control ability of GOFP additive in WBM were increased by 17.6 and 15%, respectively. The rheological parameters such as AV, PV, YP and gelation of drilling fluids were also improved by the addition of GOFP + SNP mixture in the base mud. Therefore, the implementation of GOFP + SNP mixture in water-based mud showed auspicious results which reaffirm the feasibility of using them in the successful drilling operations.
Highlights
Drilling in deeper wells is very challenging and costly due to high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions (Caenn and Darley 2017a)
The outcomes of this study revealed that Cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) andPAC hybrid potentially improved the rheological and filtration property of bentonite-based drilling fluid (Li et al 2020a, b, c)
It was observed that silica nano particles (SNP) possessed a zeta potential value of − 47.4 mV (Fig. 2a), which clearly indicates that nanoparticles are stables
Summary
Drilling in deeper wells is very challenging and costly due to high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions (Caenn and Darley 2017a). Water-based mud (WBM) has a number of advantages over the oil-based drilling fluid (ODF), including low cost, available, superior cooling, cutting removal ability, rapid formation penetration rate, and environment friendly nature. Water acts as dispersion medium in the WBM due to the presence of the excess. Various polymeric additives like polyanionic cellulose (PAC) (Kafashi et al 2017; Villada et al 2017), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) (Chaouf et al 2019; Lian et al 2019), carboxymethyl cellulose (Menezes et al 2010; Zhang et al 2016), acrylamide-styrene copolymer (SBASC) (Davoodi et al 2019), Partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide (PHPA) (Jain et al 2015), polyethylene glycol (Mech and Sangwai 2016), low and high density polythene (Yi et al.2017), etc. In deeper wells, these polymers are deteriorated at high temperature after a period of time. Various nanoparticles are used in drilling fluid for improving its performance (Zakaria et al 2012; Abbas et al 2021; Akhtarmanesh et al 2013)
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