EFFECT OF SEED MULTIPLICATION PROGRAM ON IMPROVING SEED PRODUCTION, QUALITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE REALITY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR (A PROGRAM OF MULTIPLICATION OF SEEDS OF THE HIGHER RANKS OF THE WHEAT CROP IN IRAQ AS A CASE STUDY)

Abstract

The government sector contributes to providing the basic development requirements of the agricultural sector. A number of national programs have been established to improve and multiply the seeds of strategic grain crops. The most important of which is the program to multiply the seeds of the higher ranks of the wheat crop, as it represents the basic food of the people, on which the political, economic and social stability of the country depends. Providing improved, high-yielding seeds is a key element in achieving food security. The results of the implementation of the program showed an increase in the quantities produced from the seeds of the higher ranks, as the quantity of seeds of the kernel rank increased from about 3.63 tons in the first season to reach about 18.45 tons in the sixth season, while the quantities of seeds of the rank increased from 20.12 tons In the first season, it reached about 183.36 tons in the sixth season, and the amount of base seeds produced from the activities of the program increased from 91.04 tons in the first season to reach 1325.8 tons in the last season. The results of the economic evaluation showed that the use of the program's improved seeds led to an increase in farmers' returns from 299,000 dinars/ ton to 459,000 dinars / ton. The (EIA) analysis showed that the program has a positive economic impact on the national economy through the expected returns to be obtained from the production of improved seeds. Through these results, many conclusions can be reached, perhaps the most important of which is that the program has achieved a positive development in the seed production sector and in achieving profits for seed producers. The study recommended the need to continue the work of the program as it contributes to increasing production and achieving food security in Iraq.