Abstract
At the previous ASA meeting, quantitative results were presented revealing the effect of water content on compressional wave velocity in beach sand. New ultrasonic compressional wave results are presented demonstrating the effect of salt crystals bonding beach sand grains as seawater is evaporated. Wave velocity and attenuation results are compared with beach sand rinsed with distilled water. Although the salinity of seawater is only about 35 parts per thousand, the salt concentration increases rapidly as the seawater is evaporated. The sand grains become covered with a glaze and solid salt bonds are formed connecting the grains. The acoustic properties of salt crystals (compressional wave velocity 4.53 km/s, and density 2.165×103 kg/m3) are close to those of a sand grain. Results from controlled experiments using spherical particles and plates bonded with evaporated salt water are also discussed. The author is not aware of any publication describing the adhesion of sea salt to beach sand. The new findings contribute to understanding the propagation of high-frequency compressional waves in granular materials leading to reliable seismoacoustic detection of buried objects in beach sand. [Work supported by ONR.]
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