Abstract
Vehicle occupants were killed in 33% of all traffic accidents in Japan in 2017. Of the vehicles in vehicle-to-vehicle accidents, 54% were impacted from the front. In frontal impact accidents, when the lap belt moves away from the iliac crests of the pelvis of a vehicle occupant, the belt moves directly into the abdomen. Here, we investigated causes of abdominal injuries to vehicle occupants, because the abdomen is associated with the highest rates of severe injury and fatality. The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between downward movement of the seat and of the lap belt away from the iliac crests of a human occupant of a car, in the event of a frontal impact. We investigated this phenomenon by conducting simulations using an anthropomorphic 50th percentile male (AM50) human model wearing a three-point seatbelt. We set two deformable seat conditions: Vertical movement and lean forward movement. Our results revealed that the lap belt came off from both of the iliac crests during lean forward movement but only from one of the iliac crests during vertical movement. We concluded that abdominal injuries can be caused by downward movement together with forward rotation in the seat during vehicle-to-vehicle frontal impacts.
Highlights
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Findings of the present study suggest that to evaluate an occupant’s behavior in detail in future work, a seat model considering rotation should be incorporated into the vehicle cabin model when simulations are performed
We investigated the correlation between downward movement conditions of the seat and movement of the lap belt away from both iliac crests of a human occupant in the passenger seat during a frontal impact, by using an anthropomorphic 50th percentile male (AM50) human model
Summary
VVeehhiiccllee ooccccuuppaannttss wweerree kkiilllleedd iinn 3333%% ((11222211)) ooff aallll ttrraaffffiicc aacccciiddeennttss ((33669944)) iinn JJaappaann iinn 22001177 [[11]] ((FFiigguurree11).).TThehreerfeofroer,ec,ocuonutenrtmeremaseuasreusretso rteodruecdeufcaetalfattralffitcraafcficcidaecnctisdaernetsreaqrueirreedq.uIinreJdap. aIn, Jwaphean, rwoahden-ursoeards-aurseekrsilalerde koirlliendjuorreidnjiunrterdafifnictraacfcfiidc eancctsid, penotlsic, epolfifciceeorfsfiacnerdsmaneddimcaelddicoacltodroscdtoertserdmetienremtihnee mthaeinmbaoindbyordeygiroengsioansssoacsisaotceidatewditwhisthevseerveerinejiunrjiuersietshatht altedledtotodedaetaht.hR. Results revealed that when the AM50 Hybrid III model moved 150 mm vertically downward, the lap belt exhibited significant upward movement from its initial position on the dummy’s waist This phenomenon resulted in the abdomen being directly compressed, owing to tightening of the lap belt. The purpose of this study is to clarify the correlation between different downward movement conditions of the seat and those of the lap belt from the iliac crests of a human occupant in the front passenger seat of a car in the event of a frontal impact. We investigate this phenomenon by conducting simulations using an AM50 human model
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