Abstract
The study aimed to determine epidemiological characteristics of road traffic accidents in Japan during the year 2010-2019. A cross-sectional descriptive study depended on a retrospective analysis of road traffic accident data that were obtained from the National Police Agency (NPA) for the years 2010 – 2019 in Japan. The relationship of road traffic accident consequences as dependent variables with age, road user type, helmet, and seatbelt use as independent variables during the studied years was analyzed with Chi-square test. The case fatality rate has been declining every year from 3.88 in 2010 to 2.54 per 100,000 persons. More than half of fatality cases have occurred among the elderly. There was a statistically significant relationship between road user type and accident severities. 36.21% fatality occurred in pedestrians. Otherwise, 27.61% of motor vehicle occupants were dominant in serious injury cases and 66.87% in slight injury cases. Most of the casualties revealed for fatality cases were in the head, whereas the leg part was dominant in serious injury cases and the neck region was raised in slight injuries. There was a significant relationship between the use of helmets and seat belt use with casualties of road traffic accidents. There was a declined trend of road traffic accidents in Japan during 10 years of study. The result of the epidemiological study could be a valid consideration for the design of road safety policy in the future.
Highlights
1 Road traffic accidents and their consequences are a public health burden in both developed and developing countries (Peden & Hyder, 2002)
27.61% of motor vehicle occupants were dominant in serious injury cases and 66.87% in slight injury cases
The effects of helmet use on the severity of head injuries in motorcycle accidents
Summary
Japan is one of the safest countries based on statistics regarding road traffic accidents (Oguchi, 2016). Estimated data from the World Health Organization in 2016 concluded that as many as 4.1 deaths per 100,000 population occurred due to road traffic accidents in Japan (World Health Organization, 2018). People in Japan have been struggling to reach this safety level of road traffic accidents. The present study aimed to determine epidemiological characteristics of road traffic accidents in Japan during the years 2010-2019. 2. Material and Method This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that depended on a retrospective analysis of road traffic accident statistics for the years 2010 – 2019 in Japan. The relationship of road traffic accident consequences as dependent variables with independent variables during the studied years was analyzed with the Chi-square test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26 software and graph visualizations were provided by Microsoft Excel and ChartBlocks
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