Effect of Sake Lees on the Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation in Adipocytes

Yuki Motono,Motoko Takaoka,Takafumi Iguchi,Takashi Emi,Takeshi Imai

doi:10.3390/fermentation7030145

Yuki Motono, Motoko Takaoka + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030145

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Abstract

Recent lifestyle changes, such as the Westernization of diets and the rise in the prevalence of obesity, with an associated increase in the number of patients with lifestyle-related diseases, have become a social issue. Fermented food has attracted attention as a solution to problems caused by obesity. Sake lees, a byproduct of sake brewing, represent one such food that is expected to have health benefits. In this study, we investigated the effects of sake lees components on preadipocytes (3T3-L1). We cultured preadipocytes in a medium with indigestible sake lees components (ISLCs) to investigate lipid accumulation, analyzed the glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) and LPL activities of those cells, and performed a real-time PCR analysis of the IL6 expression in the cells. The results show that lipid accumulation and GPDH activity were significantly decreased in adipocytes treated with 1.0 mg/mL ISLCs compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the expression of IL6 in adipocytes treated with 1.0 mg/mL ISLCs was significantly decreased and the lipase activity was significantly increased in adipocytes treated with ISLCs after differentiation. IL6 is known to have multiple functions in adipose tissue. In conclusion, ISLCs were associated with reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes, with effects on IL6 expression and LPL activity observed throughout the differentiation period.

Highlights

In the 1980s, the mean life span of the Japanese general population became the world’s longest [1]
The results show that lipid accumulation and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity were significantly decreased in adipocytes treated with 1.0 mg/mL indigestible sake lees components (ISLCs) compared to untreated cells
ISLCs were associated with reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes, with effects on IL6 expression and LPL activity observed throughout the differentiation period

Summary

Introduction

In the 1980s, the mean life span of the Japanese general population became the world’s longest [1]. While Japan is still known as a country with a healthy and long-living populace, the proportion of obese people has recently increased due to changes in lifestyle such as Westernized diets [2,3]. Japan’s prevalence of obesity is a social issue [4]. Obesity results from an accumulation of excess triglycerides stored in adipocyte cells due to energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. Adipocytes usually secrete hundreds of adipocytokines that have proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. When adipocytes increase in size due to excessive energy intake, they produce more proinflammatory adipocytokines. Malignant adipocytokines are closely related to lifestylerelated diseases; adipocyte proliferation is linked to the occurrence of lifestylerelated diseases

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Conclusion