Effect of rosmarinic and caffeic acids on inflammatory and nociception process in rats.

Giovana Duzzo Gamaro,Milene Borsoi,Patrícia Ardenghi,Joice Lermen,Patrícia Pereira,Edna Suyenaga

doi:10.5402/2011/451682

Abstract

Rosmarinic acid is commonly found in species of the Boraginaceae and the subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae). It has a number of interesting biological activities, for example, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the i.p. administration of caffeic and rosmarinic acid (5 and 10 mg/kg) on anti-inflammatory and nociceptive response using carrageenan-induced pleurisy model and tail-flick assay in rats. The analysis of cells in the pleural exudates revealed a reduction of 66% of the number of leukocytes that migrated to the pleural cavity in the animals treated with 5 mg/kg caffeic acid, and of 92.9% for the animals treated with 10 mg/kg in comparison with the control group. These exudates showed a balanced distribution of polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MN) cells, differently from the control group, in which PMN cells were predominant. The analysis to tail-flick latency was increased in the group treated with 10 mg/kg caffeic acid characterizing a nociceptive response. While there was no difference between control group and animals treated with rosmarinic.

Highlights

Inflammation or phlogosis is a pathophysiological response of mammalian tissues to a variety of hostile agents including infectious organisms, toxic chemical substances, physical injury, or tumor growth leading to local accumulation of plasmic fluid and blood cells [1]. inflammation is a defense mechanism, the complex events and mediators involved in the inflammatory reaction can induce, maintain, and aggravate many disorders
The analysis of cells in the pleural exudates revealed a reduction of 66% of the number of leukocytes that migrated to the pleural cavity in the animals treated with 5 mg/kg caffeic acid, and of 92.9% for the animals treated with 10 mg/kg in comparison with the control group
Carrageenan is a high-molecularweight sulphated polysaccharide, capable of inducing the release of mediators involved in vascular changes associated with acute inflammation [30]

Summary

Introduction

Inflammation is a defense mechanism, the complex events and mediators involved in the inflammatory reaction can induce, maintain, and aggravate many disorders. This process is invariably characterized by the production of prostaglandins, leukotrienes, histamine, bradykinin, platelet-activating factor (PAF), and by the release of chemicals from tissues and migrating cells [2, 3]. Nociceptive transmission comprises a network of neuronal arrangement distributed between peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal levels. This occurs through the action of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and intracellular messengers [6, 7]

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