Effect of pulmonary surfactant on bronchopulmonary development in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on bronchopulmonary development in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods 72 neonates with NRDS treated with PS in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2013 were selected as observation group, and another 72 neonates with NRDS treated without PS in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2013 were selected as control group. The indexes of blood gas analysis before treatment and one week after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the rate of transit mechanical ventilation, the duration of assisted ventilation, and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the two groups were calculated. All the patients were followed up for 36 months, and the recurrence rate of respiratory diseases was statistically recorded. Results Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in blood gas analysis indexes between the two groups (P>0.05); one week after treatment, the blood gas analysis indexes [PaCO2, oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2)] significantly improved, the improvement in the observation group was better than that in the control group. The rate of transit mechanical ventilation, the duration of assisted ventilation, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the recurrence rate of respiratory diseases in the observation group were 6.94%, (10.12±0.34)d, 2.78%, 16.67%, lower than those in the control group [19.44%, (14.97±1.66)d, 13.88%, 34.72%], with statistically significant differences (P 0.05). Conclusions PS can effectively rectify the blood gas analysis indexes in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome, shorten the duration of assisted mechanical ventilation, reduce the rate of transit mechanical ventilation and the risk of recurrent respiratory diseases, whose long-term curative effect on bronchopulmonary function in neonates should not be neglected. Key words: Pulmonary surfactant; Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome; Bronchopulmonary development