Abstract
Holding time was measured by monitoring the conductivity of a salt charge at each end of a holding tube on a strip chart recorder. The effect of pressure and temperature of the heated product on the holding time was studied in 88.7- and 113.7-cm tubes. Holding tube pressure was designated as that pressure in excess of the saturated vapor pressure of water at the holding temperature. Excess pressures of about 1 kg/cm2 were required to ensure reproducible measurement of holding time. At excess pressures below 0.7 kg/cm2 two-phase flow existed. Holding time decreased with pressure until all vapor was condensed. Holding time also decreased as temperature increased because of condensate added to the product and because of the reduced density at higher temperatures. A method for predicting holding tube length for a desired holding time or a holding time for a given holding tube length is presented. The prediction, computed from process and system parameters, ensures a safe process from a public health viewpoint. Calculation is based upon heat and mass balances and velocity distribution in a pipeline.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
