Effect of probiotics on rumen microorganisms

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study on the use of probiotics based on strains of spore-forming microorganisms Bacillus lisheniformis and Bacillus subtilis for young cattle. The use of probiotics in dairy farming increases the body's resistance, restores the intestinal microbiocenosis and reduces the risk of infectious diseases of animals, prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis. The importance of the microbial population in feed transformation and rumen fermentation processes to increase animal productivity and reduce the occurrence of rumen acidosis. The introduction of probiotics improves the health of the animal, competing for the use of nutrients by pathogenic microbes, having a positive effect on the intestinal microflora. In addition, their antipathogenic activity can reduce stress in animals. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of probiotic strains of microorganisms on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in calves. The research was carried out in the conditions of the farm of "Khlibodar", Sumy region, which keeps cattle of different technological groups. The use of probiotic strains of spore-forming microorganisms Bacillus lisheniformis and Bacillus subtilis affected the results of scar fermentation, such as the amount of volatile fatty acids, ammonia concentration of the scar and the pH of the scar. The mechanism of action of the bacterium B. subtilis is associated with the ability to produce antibiotic-like substances and enzymes and strengthen the body's defenses against common and specific pathogens, to stimulate the normal growth of intestinal microflora. Produced by B. subtilis substances also actively inhibit the growth and development of harmful bacteria, viruses and fungi, without causing them to become addicted. Immunomodulatory action is associated with the activation of macrophages, strengthening the barrier function of the intestine, activation of T and B lymphocytes. Destroying harmful microorganisms, free up space for the settlement of lacto-and bifidobacteria, which are typical representatives of the normal microflora.