Abstract
Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are considered the main candidate material for the water-cooled ceramic breeder (WCCB) in a fusion reactor. High-energy density welding approaches, such as electron beam welding (EBW) and laser beam welding (LBW), are frequently utilized in the welding of RAFM steels. During the welding process, cracks and other defects are prone to appear. In this paper, EBW was selected for the welding of RAFM steels. Those with and without pre-heat and post-heat treatment by electron beams are studied by finite element simulation and trials. The results show that the experimental results are consistent with the simulation. In particular, in the case of similar deformation, the residual stress after electron beam heat treatment is far less than that without heat treatment. Without heat treatment, the residual stress near the weld is more than 400 MPa, while the residual stress after heat treatment is about 350 MPa. As the reduction of residual stress is essential to prevent the occurrence of cracks and other defects after welding, pre-heat and post-heat treatment by the electron beam is deemed as an effective way to greatly improve the welding quality in RAFM steel welding.
Highlights
Published: 23 June 2021In terms of scale, the energy potential of fusion is superior to all other energy sources we know on Earth [1,2,3]
Many countries in the world have done a lot of work in developing and characterizing these materials, such as CLAM in China [6], F82H in Japan [7,8], EUROFER97 in the European Union (EU) [9] and Rusfer EK-181 [10]
The residual stress, hardness and brittleness of joints of Reduced activated ferrite/martensite (RAFM) steels are very high due to the influence of thermal expansion and contraction, δ ferrite, carbide and chromium produced at high temperature
Summary
The energy potential of fusion is superior to all other energy sources we know on Earth [1,2,3]. The residual stress, hardness and brittleness of joints of RAFM steels are very high due to the influence of thermal expansion and contraction, δ ferrite, carbide and chromium produced at high temperature. There is little researc reducing residual stress and preventing weld cracks by changing the EBW process are very high due to the influence of thermal expansion and cold contraction, δ ferrite, research thatproduced finite element simulation can be used as and a powerful tool to an carbide andshows chromium at high temperature. Element simulation can be used as a powerful tool to analyze the welding performance In this paper, through the finite element software MSC Marc (2019) of MSC com based on scientific principles It can provide quantitative information for the characteristics inthermal.
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