Abstract
Simple SummaryIn the currently intense production process, infection of swine with Mycoplasma pneumonia is common in pig farms around the world, and reduction in the feeding efficiency and the growth rate of sick pigs causes considerable economic losses to the pig-rearing industry. Our study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism by which Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induces inflammation in pigs. Our study showed that Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae can regulate the expression of CYP3A29 by upregulating PXR during the inflammatory response induced in porcine alveolar macrophages. These findings may provide useful information for breeding pigs that are resistant to disease.Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae, Mhp) is the causative agent of mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS). M. hyopneumoniae infection causes inflammation in pigs and leads to considerable economic losses in the pig industry. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a pluripotent gene regulatory protein that plays an important role in regulating cytochrome P-450 (CYP) in pigs in the context of inflammatory responses, drug metabolism, homeostasis, etc. We previously reported that cytochrome P450 3A29 (CYP3A29) expression was significantly upregulated in pigs infected with M. hyopneumoniae compared with healthy control pigs. This experiment mainly focused on identifying the role of PXR in the regulation of CYP3A29 and inflammatory factors after M. hyopneumoniae infection by establishing pig alveolar macrophage (PAM) cells in which PXR was overexpressed or silenced. Our results showed that the overexpression of PXR could significantly improve the protein and the mRNA expression levels of CYP3A29 with and without M. hyopneumoniae infection in PAM cells. After the expression of PXR was inhibited, protein and mRNA expression levels of CYP3A29 were significantly reduced with and without M. hyopneumoniae infection in PAM cells. Moreover, PXR can regulate the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and IL-8 during M. hyopneumoniae infection of PAM cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that PXR positively regulates CYP3A29 expression during the inflammatory response caused by M. hyopneumoniae infection.
Highlights
Introduction conditions of the Creative CommonsMycoplasma pneumonia of swine, commonly known as swine asthma, is a chronic respiratory infection in pigs that is caused by M. hyopneumoniae and spreads due to close contact with infected individuals [1]
P36 is an immunodominant protein encoded by the genome of M. hyopneumoniae, and p36 proteins have been shown to be specific for M. hyopneumoniae [21]
The results showed that the mRNA expression of IL-6 (Figure 1B) and IL-8 (Figure 1C) significantly increased after M. hyopneumoniae infection
Summary
Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine, commonly known as swine asthma, is a chronic respiratory infection in pigs that is caused by M. hyopneumoniae and spreads due to close contact with infected individuals [1]. M. hyopneumoniae is an important pathogen that causes great economic losses in the pig industry [2,3]. Research has focused primarily on the epidemiology and the transmission of this disease and has partially elucidated the interaction between the pathogen and the respiratory tract, and many vaccines have been developed [4]. Research on the virulence mechanisms and the pathogen–host interactions of M. hyopneumoniae is still relatively limited [4]. Studying the molecular mechanism by which M. hyopneumoniae causes inflammation in pigs is of great significance for the breeding of M. hyopneumoniae-resistant pigs
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