Abstract
Oral bicarbonate solution is known to improve both maternal and perinatal outcomes among women with abnormal labour (dystocia). Its effectiveness and safety among women with obstructed labour is not known. To determine the effect and safety of a single-dose preoperative infusion of sodium bicarbonate on maternal and fetal blood lactate and clinical outcomes among women with obstructed labour (OL) in Mbale hospital. We conducted a double blind, randomised controlled trial from July 2018 to September 2019. The participants were women with OL at term (≥37 weeks gestation), carrying a singleton pregnancy with no other obstetric emergency, medical comorbidity or laboratory derangements. A total of 477 women with OL were randomized to receive 50ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (238 women) or 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride (239 women). In both the intervention and controls arms, each participant was preoperatively given a single dose intravenous bolus. Every participant received 1.5 L of normal saline in one hour as part of standard preoperative care. Our primary outcome was the mean difference in maternal venous blood lactate at one hour between the two arms. The secondary outcomes were umbilical cord blood lactate levels at birth, neonatal sepsis and early neonatal death upto 7 days postnatal, as well as the side effects of sodium bicarbonate, primary postpartum hemorrhage, maternal sepsis and mortality at 14 days postpartum. The median maternal venous lactate was 6.4 (IQR 3.3-12.3) in the intervention and 7.5 (IQR 4.0-15.8) in the control group, with a statistically non-significant median difference of 1.2 mmol/L; p-value = 0.087. Vargha and Delaney effect size was 0.46 (95% CI 0.40-0.51) implying very little if any effect at all. The 4.2g of preoperative intravenous sodium bicarbonate was safe but made little or no difference on blood lactate levels. PACTR201805003364421.
Highlights
Oral bicarbonate solution is known to improve both maternal and perinatal outcomes among women with abnormal labour
We hypothesized that 4.2 g (50 mmol/L) of sodium bicarbonate administered as a single intravenous dose in the preoperative period could reduce the maternal blood lactate at one hour after administration compared to normal saline alone
We summarized categorical variables as frequencies and proportions and continuous variables as either means and standard deviations (SD) for parametric data or medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) presented as the 25th (Q1) and 75th (Q3) quartiles for non-parametric data
Summary
We conducted a double blind, randomised controlled trial from July 2018 to September 2019. A total of 477 women with OL were randomized to receive 50ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (238 women) or 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride (239 women). In both the intervention and controls arms, each participant was preoperatively given a single dose intravenous bolus. Our primary outcome was the mean difference in maternal venous blood lactate at one hour between the two arms. The secondary outcomes were umbilical cord blood lactate levels at birth, neonatal sepsis and early neonatal death upto 7 days postnatal, as well as the side effects of sodium bicarbonate, primary postpartum hemorrhage, maternal sepsis and mortality at 14 days postpartum
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