EFFECT OF POULTRY MANURES AND WATER STRESS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATOES SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L. IN GYPSIFEROUS AND SANDY SOIL

Abstract

A pot experiment was conducted in the fall season of 2017 in Falluja – Anbar Province to study the effect of poultry manure and water stress on growth and yield of potatoes in gypsiferous (Loam) and sandy soil (Loamy sand). Poultry manure was added to soils in two levels (0 and 2 %) , and irrigation was done after depletion of 40% and 60% of the available water. Traits like plant height, leaf area, root mass and total yield and water use efficiency was measured.Values of plant growth were superior for in gypsiferous soil compared to them in sandy soil where highest value of plant height reached 87 cm and leaf area reached value of 69 cm2 plant-1, while root mass value was superior for plants in sandy soil 13.2 gm plant-1 compared to gypsum soil 9.5 gm plant-1.Poultry manures caused a significant increase of growth traits of potato where plant height increased by 44.44 %, leaf area increased by 28.46% , while root mass decreased by 33% in gypsiferous soil .Growth traits values significantly reduced at irrigation at moisture depletion of 60% compared to the irrigation at 40% depletion . Total yield of potato was 34.010 ton ha-1 in sandy soil and 28.020 ton ha-1 in gypsiferous soil, application poultry manures increased total yield significantly as the increasing percentage reached 20.7% in sandy soil and 30.0% in gypsiferous soil. Total yield values decreased as moisture depletion increased from 40% to 60% with reduction percent of 28.8% in sandy soil and 25.7% in gypsiferous soil. Sandy soil had the best water use efficiency reached 21.950 kg m-3 compared to 21.273 kg m-3 in gypsiferous soil .