Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant capacity and to evaluate effect of P. glandulosus on the viability of protoscoleces of Echinococcus spp. as well as determine the possible substance in charge for this action. Echinococcus ortleppi protoscoleces were exposed front of the crude extract and butanol fraction and gallic acid at different times. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of triterpenoids, steroids, coumarins, catechins, phenols, anthocyanins, anthocyanidins and cardioactive heterosides. The highest polyphenol and flavonoids content was found in the ethyl acetate (151.34±1.71 mg/g) and dichlorometane (123.30±1.46 mg/g), respectively. For assays with DPPH the ethyl acetate fraction was highlighted (IC50 95.48±0.35 µg/mL) and the dichlorometane fraction significantly reduced lipid peroxidation (IC50 135.75±2.39 µg/mL) and also the oxidation of DCFH (15.6 µg/mL). The crude extract, butanol fraction and gallic acid showed scolicidal action of 100% at 15, 10 and 15 minutes, respectively.
Highlights
Poikilacanthus glandulosus (Nees) Ariza belong the family Acanthaceae, is a shrub and is distributed in South and Southeast of Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay, presenting as synonyms Justicia umbrosa, Justicia flexuosa and Poikilacanthus flexuosus (Wasshausen and Smith, 1969; Ariza, 1984; Mabberley, 1997; Wasshausen and Wood, 2004).The external morphology of Poikilacanthus is very similar to the genus Justicia and many of their species have been described belonging to this
There is only one study in the literature which addresses about the antimicrobial screening through the acetone extract of P. glandulosus that showed no inhibition for the tested microorganisms (Barneche et al, 2010)
This study showed the antioxidant activity of P. glandulosus branches by different methods, the scolicidal effect and contributed to reveal some phytochemical compounds of this species for the first time
Summary
Poikilacanthus glandulosus (Nees) Ariza belong the family Acanthaceae, is a shrub and is distributed in South and Southeast of Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay, presenting as synonyms Justicia umbrosa, Justicia flexuosa and Poikilacanthus flexuosus (Wasshausen and Smith, 1969; Ariza, 1984; Mabberley, 1997; Wasshausen and Wood, 2004).The external morphology of Poikilacanthus is very similar to the genus Justicia and many of their species have been described belonging to this. There is only one study in the literature which addresses about the antimicrobial screening through the acetone extract of P. glandulosus that showed no inhibition for the tested microorganisms (Barneche et al, 2010). The phytochemical compounds of the plant extracts are the major basis of pharmacological activities of natural products (Oloyede, 2005) whereas flavonoids and polyphenols are antioxidants (Pietta, 1998; Mau et al, 2002) and play significant roles in many processes taking place in living systems. The antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds is mainly due to their redox properties, which can play an important role in absorbing and neutralizing free radicals, quenching singlet and triplet oxygen, or decomposing peroxides (Osawa, 1994). Synthetic antioxidants are used in foods to prevent lipid oxidation. Some studies suggest synthetic antioxidants are harmful to human health (Valentao et al, 2002). There is increasing interest in finding naturally occurring alternatives from plants for use in food and medicines
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