Abstract
Improving plant density is an important measure to get high yield of summer maize. Two varieties of summer maize with different density tolerances, Zhengdan 958 and Nongda 108, were used to study the effect of plant density on structure of vascular bundles of the third internode and its characteristics of sap flow under three plant densities. The results showed that the cross sectional area of stem and the amount and area of big, small vascular bundles in stalks decreased significantly with the increase of plant density, which resulted in the total number and area of vascular bundle decreased. Nongda 108 was more sensitive to plant density than Zhengdan 958. The sap flow rate and amount of sap during 8:00–17:00 decreased significantly with the increase of plant density, while the transport efficiency of stalk vascular bundle increased. There was a positive correlation between area of big vascular bundles and amount of sap flow during 8:00–17:00. The structure and function of stalk vascular bundles in Zhengdan 958 were superior to these in Nongda 108, it might be one of the reason that Zhengdan 958 with better density tolerance could get high yield.
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