Effect of Physical Training and Caloric Restriction on Stress Oxidative and Lipid profile in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Aerobic exercise training and caloric restriction are associated to a lower stress oxidative (OS). However, a few studies have examined the concurrent effects of both conditions on OS, antioxidant activity and lipid profile. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of 5 weeks of aerobic exercise training (swimming) and caloric restriction on oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and lipid profile in Male Wistar rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats (age = 2.5 months old) were randomly assigned to one of four groups and treated as follows: (1) non-exercise + no-caloric restriction (CON), (2) exercise+ no-caloric restriction (AENCR), (3) non-exercise + caloric restriction (NAERC), or (4) exercise+ caloric restriction (AECR) group. The physical training consisted of swimming for 30 minutes, 4 times per week during 5 weeks. Blood samples were collected from the rat supraorbitaria region at the first week after adaptation period and at 2nd, 3rd, and 5th week (24 hours after the last training session). Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring levels of thiobarbituric reactive acid substance (TBARS), measuring indirectly by malondialdehyde (MDA). Total antioxidant activity (TAA) was measured using the radical monocation of 2.2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) generated by oxidation of ABTS with potassium persulfate and reduced in the presence of donating-hydrogen antioxidants. ANOVAs were used to examine the influence of aerobic exercise training and caloric restriction by group on the difference in OS, TAA, and lipid profile between the fifth and first week. Alpha was set a-priori at p < 0.05 and corrected using the Bonferroni technique for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: The combined effect of both physical training and caloric restriction decreased basal lipid peroxidation in rat plasma (p= 0.05), while TAA stayed similar to the levels before the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: These results might suggest that aerobic exercise training along with caloric restriction reduce the magnitude of basal stress oxidative.