Abstract
The duration of exposure dependent effect of Carbamate treated net on serum lipid profile of female Wistar rats was investigated in this study. Eighteen (18) animals were randomly divided into three (3) study groups with six (6) rats each. Group 1 was designated as the control group while groups 2 and 3 constituted the experimental groups containing rats exposed to Carbamate treated net for 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats were exposed daily to Carbamate treated net by whole body and nose inhalation mode of exposure. The body weight of rats was measured at the commencement of the experiment and at the end of the experiment. The organ weight result obtained indicated that the body weight increased significantly in the rats of the experimental groups when compared to the rats in the control group at p<0.05. The result obtained indicated that the body weight increased significantly in the rats of the experimental groups when compared to the rats in the control group at p<0.05. The total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations in the sera of the rats were determined at the end of the experiment. The result obtained showed that the TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C levels increased significantly in the rats of the experimental groups when compared to the rats in the control group at p<0.05. The observation from this study suggests that long-term exposure to Carbamate treated net in household setting may alter the level of the serum lipid profile of the experimental animals, thereby leading to various health complications.
Highlights
Malaria is a life-threatening disease that is caused by plasmodium parasite which is usually transmitted to humans through bites of infected female Anopheles mosquito
Roll back malaria (RBM) has stated that one of the strategies set to fight malaria is to increase the utilization of mosquito nets as it is a cost-effective intervention which may provide community protection through mass impact on vector mosquito population when used at a high coverage rate [Roll Back Malaria, 2005]
One of the factors that determines the efficacy of these insecticide treated nets (ITNs) in preventing malaria is the concentration of the insecticides use in treating them [Jima et al, 2007], but many of the chemical constituents of these insecticides that serve as their active ingredients are considered to have the potential to affect human health as they tend to
Summary
Malaria is a life-threatening disease that is caused by plasmodium parasite which is usually transmitted to humans through bites of infected female Anopheles mosquito. It remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the world and in sub-Saharan Africa [Ekam et al, 2019 and Zain et al, 2000]. WHO had identified pyrethriods as the major insecticide recommended for treatment of mosquito net owing to their strong insecticidal activity [Diaro et al, 2015] but as a result of widespread resistance of mosquito parasite to pyrethriods, research into the use of other insecticides such as carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates etc. One of the factors that determines the efficacy of these insecticide treated nets (ITNs) in preventing malaria is the concentration of the insecticides use in treating them [Jima et al, 2007], but many of the chemical constituents of these insecticides that serve as their active ingredients are considered to have the potential to affect human health as they tend to
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