Effect of Oxidized Soybean Oils on Oxidative Status and Intestinal Barrier Function in Broiler Chickens

L Tan,Y Yang,D Rong,B Zhang

doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0610

Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oxidized soybean oils on the growth performance, metabolic oxidative status and intestinal barrier function of broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old female broiler chickens were assigned to four dietary treatments with six replicates (cages) of 10 birds each. The dietary treatments comprised of a basal diet supplemented with 4% of: non-oxidized (fresh) soybean oil (control treatment, SNX); lowly-oxidized soybean oil (SLX) (oil heated for 10h at 200°C); moderately-oxidized soybean oil (SMX) (oil heated for 18h at 200°C); or highly-oxidized soybean oil (SHX) (oil heated for 30h at 200°C). Diets and water were offered ad libitum. The experiment was lasted 21d.The growth performance of broilers, determined from 1 to 14 d and from 1 to 21 d of age, was not affected by the dietary treatments (p>0.05). Broilers fed oxidized soybean oils presented higher corticosterone serum levels compared with those fed non-oxidized oil (p 0.05) by the dietary oxidized oil treatments. It was concluded that oxidized oils may cause oxidative stress by reducing intestinal and liver antioxidant capacity; increase intestinal permeability by reducing mRNA expression levels of tight-junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin; and cause inflammation by increasing mRNA expression level of the inflammation-related factor IL-22.

Highlights

Oils are added into poultry diets to supply energy and essential fatty acids, as a vitamin vehicle, and to alleviated acute heat stress (Mujahid et al, 2009)
The supernatant fractions were assayed for total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX activities), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels using enzymatic kits (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China)
The increase in corticosterone levels by feeding oxidized oils in current study indicated that the broilers were under oxidative stress

Summary

Introduction

Oils are added into poultry diets to supply energy and essential fatty acids, as a vitamin vehicle, and to alleviated acute heat stress (Mujahid et al, 2009). Lipids used in animal feeds may contain various concentrations of primary and secondary lipid peroxidation products, depending on their fatty-acid composition, storage length, storage conditions, and processing (Totani et al, 2007; Totani et al, 2008). Feeding oxidized fish oil impaired the growth performance and induced oxidative stress in Litopenaeus vannamei (Yang et al, 2015). Feeding auto-oxidized capelin oil impaired growth rates, antioxidant activities, and increased the occurrence of deformed fish in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenserbaeri) larvae (Fontagné et al, 2006). Feeding oxidized fats impaired growth performance by increasing gastrointestinal epithelium cell turnover and hepatic cell proliferation, and increasing the concentration of immunoglobulins in intestinal tissue of broilers and pigs (Dibner et al, 1996). Feeding heat-oxidized lipids impaired the metabolic oxidative status of young pigs by depleting serum α-T and increasing serum TBARS (Liuet al., 2014)

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