Effect of Organic Selenium Supplementation on the Antioxidant Status, Immune Response, and the Relative Expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ Genes in Ewes During the Hot Season.

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different doses of selenium (Se) from Sel-Plex© (selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast) supplement on the antioxidant status, the antibody titers against the foot-and-mouth disease virus, and the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) genes in ewes during the hot season. Six ewes were kept at 25 °C and received basal diet (the negative control group), and 24 ewes were kept at 38 °C for 5 h per day and received no supplement (the positive control), 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 mg Se/kg. Ewes in the positive control had higher (P<0.001) liver enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and cortisol levels, and lower antibody titer than the negative control. The liver enzymes' lowest (P<0.001) activities were observed in ewes receiving 0.30 and 0.45 mg Se/kg. Ewes receiving 0.30 and 0.45 mg Se/kg had lower MDA levels than other treatments. Ewes receiving 0.30 and 0.45 mg Se/kg had higher (P<0.001) total antioxidant capacity levels than those receiving 0.15 mg Se/kg and the positive control. Se-supplemented groups had lower (P<0.001) relative expression of IL-2 and higher (P<0.04) expression of IFN-γ than the positive control. The antibody titer was the same in the positive control and the group receiving 0.15 mg Se/kg. Ewes fed a diet with 0.30 and 0.45 mg Se/kg had higher (P<0.011) antibody titer than the positive control. The Se supplementation can reverse the decrease of antioxidant capacity and immune function caused by heat stress, and 0.3 mg Se/kg from Sel-Plex©is the best dose.