Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the effect of obesity on open gastrectomy with D2 lymph-node dissection.MethodsBetween January 2005 and March 2007, 100 patients with preoperatively diagnosed gastric cancer who underwent open gastrectomy with D2 lymph-node dissection were enrolled in this study. Of these, 61 patients underwent open distal gastrectomy (ODG) and 39 patients underwent open total gastrectomy (OTG). Patients were classified as having a high body-mass index (BMI; ≥ 25.0 kg/m2; n = 21) or a normal BMI (<25.0 kg/m2; n = 79). The visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were assessed as identifiers of obesity using FatScan software. Patients were classified as having a high VFA (≥ 100 cm2; n = 34) or a normal VFA (<100 cm2; n = 66). The relationship between obesity and short-term patient outcomes after open gastrectomy was evaluated. Patients were classified as having high intraoperative blood loss (IBL; ≥ 300 ml; n = 42) or low IBL (<300 ml; n = 58). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify predictive factors for high IBL.ResultsSignificantly increased IBL was seen in the following: patients with high BMI versus normal BMI; patients with gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach versus gastric cancer in the middle or lower third of the stomach; patients who underwent OTG versus ODG; patients who underwent splenectomy versus no splenectomy; and patients with high VFA versus low VFA. BMI and VFA were significantly greater in the high IBL group than in the low IBL group. There was no significant difference in morbidity between the high IBL group and the low IBL group. Multivariate analysis revealed that patient age, OTG and high BMI or high VFA independently predicted high IBL.ConclusionIt is necessary to perform operative manipulations with particular care in patients with high BMI or high VFA in order to reduce the IBL during D2 gastrectomy.
Highlights
To investigate the effect of obesity on open gastrectomy with D2 lymph-node dissection
There were no differences in any other clinicopathological factors between these two groups (Table 1)
This study revealed that a high body-mass index (BMI) adversely affected the intraoperative blood loss (IBL), and that age, operative procedure and BMI or visceral fat area (VFA) independently affected high IBL in open gastrectomy with D2 lymph-node dissection
Summary
To investigate the effect of obesity on open gastrectomy with D2 lymph-node dissection. Obesity is associated with substantial technical difficulties and increased patient morbidity after open gastrectomy [1,2]. The BMI does not always accurately reflect the volume of visceral fat, because the distribution of fatty tissue differs greatly between individuals [4]. Several techniques have been developed to assess the volume of visceral fat. In terms of reproducibility and accuracy, computed tomography (CT) is considered to be the optimal technique for assessing visceral fat [5] compared with alternatives such as ultrasonography [6], magnetic-resonance imaging [7] and other anthropometric measurements [8,9]. The VFA might accurately reflect the extent of obesity in patients
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