Effect of Non-Calcined Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as an Alternative Precursor on the Properties of Alkali-Activated Pastes

Leila Nóbrega Sousa,Paulo Henrique Ribeiro Borges,Pâmella Fernandes Figueiredo,Sâmara França,Marcos Vinicio De Moura Solar Silva,Augusto Cesar Da Silva Bezerra

doi:10.3390/molecules27041185

Abstract

BFS-MK-based alkali-activated materials are well established as an alternative for sustainable and green construction. This work aims to collaborate and encourage the use of biomass ashes, such as sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), as a precursor in alkali-activated materials (AAM). This ash is a rich source of aluminosilicate, which is a primary requirement for this application. In addition, this waste is still an environmental liability, especially in developing countries, and with a large volume of annual production. Thus, in this research, alkali-activated pastes (AA) were produced using sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), granulated blast furnace slag (BFS) and metakaolin (MK) as precursors. In addition, environmental gains were encouraged with energy savings, with no extra reburn or calcination steps in the SCBA. Thus, the precursors were characterized by laser granulometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The pastes were produced by mixing the precursors with the activator, composed of a mixture of sodium hydroxide 8 mol/L and sodium silicate. Aiming to study the incorporation of SCBA, all samples have a precursor/activator ratio and a BFS/(BFS + MK) ratio constant of 0.6. The compressive strength analysis, FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM and isothermal calorimetry analyses pointed out the occurrence of alkaline activation in all proposed samples for curing times of 7, 28 and 91 days. The sample GM0.6-BA0 (15% SCBA) achieved the highest compressive strength among the samples proposed (117.7 MPa, at 91 days), along with a good development of strength throughout the curing days. Thus, this work presents the properties of alkaline-activated pastes using SCBA as a sustainable and alternative precursor, seeking to encourage the use of raw materials and alternative waste in civil construction.

Highlights

The three-dimensional inorganic polymeric chain structure of the alkali-activated material (AAM) is formed from the reaction of a solid aluminosilicate in a strongly alkaline solution [1]
This work studies the feasibility of using sugarcane bagasse ash as a precursor in alkali-activated pastes in a ternary system, with metakaolin and granulated blast furnace slag
sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) can be used as a precursor in alkali-activated pastes in a ternary cement with a metakaolin and granulated blast furnace slag (BFS/(BFS + MK) ratio of 0.6

Summary

Introduction

The three-dimensional inorganic polymeric chain structure of the alkali-activated material (AAM) is formed from the reaction of a solid aluminosilicate in a strongly alkaline solution [1]. Research has been carried out with different wastes and by-products, such as rice husk ash [4,5], red mud [6], iron tailings [7], reclaimed asphalt pavement [8,9], eucalyptus biomass ash [10], sugarcane bagasse ash [11,12], among others. These works are encouraged by the growing search of the civil construction sector to incorporate sustainability into its processes and products. Some changes are already being applied, and the alkali-activated material shows promise as an alternative to Portland cement in several applications [13,14]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion