Abstract
The aim of the research was to study the influence peculiarities of different levels of nitrogen nutrition on the activity of peptide hydrolases and protein content in ontogeny of barley plants.The paper discusses the content of total nitrogen, protein and the dynamics of activity of proteolytic enzymes during ontogenesis of barley plants. The activity of peptide hydrolases, the content of protein and total nitrogen were determined in four developmental phases in the flag leaf and forming caryopses of barley. The aim of the work was to determine the effect of different levels of nitrogen on the quantitative content of protein, the total amount of nitrogen, as well as on the activity of acidic and neutral peptide hydrolases. In the course of the research, the following features were revealed: 1. The content of total nitrogen and protein, as well as the activity of proteases, depended on the developmental phase and on the level of nitrogen nutrition; 2. Increasing doses of nitrogen contribute to a greater nitrogen outflow from flag leaves into the forming grain; 3. High nitrogen norms inhibit the activity of peptide hydrolases. 4. The highest rates of activity of acidic proteases were noted in the phase of full ripeness. 5. The total activity of peptide hydrolases increased in variants with a twoand three-fold nitrogen dose.
Highlights
Nitrogen is one of the most essential elements for plant growth and development
Of the nitrogenous organic compounds, proteins are of the greatest importance, which constitute the main part of protoplasm and, are the basis of living matter
Our tests revealed that the total nitrogen content in the flag leaf in the control option significantly decreased during the milk ripeness phase, while in the options with nitrogen this indicator remained at the same level, or tended to increase slightly
Summary
Nitrogen is one of the most essential elements for plant growth and development. Of all the elements of mineral nutrition, it has the greatest effect on metabolism. It plays an important role in the life of plants, as it is part of organic substances, forming a variety of nitrogenous organic compounds, the content of which in various plant tissues ranges from 5 to 30%. Of the nitrogenous organic compounds, proteins are of the greatest importance, which constitute the main part of protoplasm and, are the basis of living matter. Nitrogen is part of nucleic acids and a number of other vital substances. As suggested in the work by Roberts, the protein content of barley grain is primarily dependent on nitrogen supply. In the phase of cell expansion, nitrogen influx lags behind the rapid increase in cell size, and the percentage of nitrogenous substances decreases
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