Abstract
The authors proposed an oxide coating on Ti alloys for the dental abutment tooth, and they had reported that Ti–29Nb–13Ta–4.6Zr (TNTZ) alloy forms a dense oxide layer by high-temperature oxidation. On the other hand, CP Ti forms a multilayered oxide consisted of rutile monolayers and the void layer. This morphological change by alloying is supposed to be mainly caused by Nb addition in Ti since the dense oxide layer of TNTZ mainly consists of rutile TiO2and TiNb2O7.Therefore, in this study, oxidation behaviors of various range of Nb content of Ti-xNb alloys (x = 1 ~ 32 mol%) were investigated, and exfoliation resistance was evaluated. And in this paper, the oxide/metal interfacial microstructure of oxidized CP Ti, TNTZ alloy, and Ti-Nb alloy was studied by a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by a scanning transmission electron microscopy with an electron dispersive spectroscopy (STEM-EDS).The cross-sectional observations suggested that the substrate was gradually oxidized during heat treatment, and nucleation and grain growth of TiO2and TiNb2O7proceed at the metal/oxide interface. Consequently, the gradual oxidation process in TNTZ and Ti-Nb alloys could lead to its continuous interfacial microstructure and dense oxide structure, which can achieve high exfoliation resistance.
Highlights
Ti and its alloys are used as a dental material such as artificial teeth, denture base, orthodontic wire, root implant, one of the disadvantages is its metallic color which could impair the aesthetic appearance as a dental prosthesis
The Ti-Nb based alloy represented by Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy (TNTZ) and Ti-36Nb-2Ta-3Zr0.3O alloy (Gum metal) forms a dense and robust oxide layer consisting of rutile TiO2 and TiNb2O7 by high-temperature oxidation, which has high brightness in color and excellent exfoliation resistance
When the thickness of the oxide layer formed on the surface of CP Ti exceeds a specific value, the oxide layer forms a pie-crust-like structure in which the TiO2 monolayers grow horizontally on the interface, and the void layers alternately overlap
Summary
Ti and its alloys are used as a dental material such as artificial teeth, denture base, orthodontic wire, root implant, one of the disadvantages is its metallic color which could impair the aesthetic appearance as a dental prosthesis This aesthetic problem is one of the major reasons for changing the material for dental prostheses from metal to ceramic or resin with the improvement of the patient's QOL consciousness. Another reason is that the manufacturing process of the dental prosthesis is shifting from handmade to CAD/CAM due to the shortage of dental technicians in recent years in Japan. The effect of the alloying element on oxidation behavior in the high-temperature oxidation treatment was discussed [5]
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