Abstract
An analysis of the stone walls in Gothic cathedrals revealed that Medieval master builders varied mortar joint thicknesses from one structural member to another. This fact, which has gone largely unnoticed to date, has a considerable impact on the structural behavior of cathedrals,due to its direct effect on two fundamental parameters,deformability and strength. In the absence offield data, an experimental test program was conducted at the INTEMAC Central Laboratory to determine the possible variations in deformability of Medieval masonry with changes in joint mortar thickness in the range found in the structural members of Spanish Gothic cathedrals. The results obtained show —further to an observation by Eduardo Torroja— that mortar joints are a determinant in the structural behavior of masonry. The modulus of deformation varied from 169.7 to 5,632.7 N/mm2at joint thicknesses ranging from 17.00 to 5.50 mm. Structural models should be adapted to accommodate this behavior pattern via parametric sensitivity analysis to obtain a clearer understanding of structural behaviour in Gothic cathedrals.
Highlights
The physical-chemical, rheological and mechanical heterogeneity of ancient stone masonry is in itself a sizeable obstacle to sufficiently rigorous modelling of the fundamental characteristics of such buildings in the context of structural behaviour analysis (1)
Standard masonry concepts such as characteristic strength and deformability cannot be applied to stone due to its natural heterogeneity, for even when all the stones used to build a given member are taken from the same quarry, their characteristics vary
Stone masonry structures erected with old mortar are heterogeneous because they preceded the modern concept of a standard mix by several centuries
Summary
An analysis of the stone walls in Gothic cathedrals revealed that Medieval master builders varied mortar joint thicknesses from one structural member to another. This fact, which has gone largely unnoticed to date, has a considerable impact on the structural behaviour of cathedrals, due to its direct effect on two fundamental parameters, deformability and strength. In the absence of field data, an experimental test programme was conducted at the INTEMAC Central Laboratory to determine the possible variations in deformability of Medieval masonry with changes in joint mortar thickness in the range found in the structural members of Spanish Gothic cathedrals.
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