Effect of Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–carbon black water emulsion blends in diesel engine characteristics

Abstract

Day to day fuel prices is getting increased due to fossil fuel depletion, industrialization, and technological development. However, more utilization of fossil in industries has caused environmental pollution and climate change. Hence, the present research work investigates the impact of Moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–carbon black water emulsion blends in diesel engine characteristics. The test was carried out on a conventional diesel under loads. B20, B60, B20–D75–CBWE5, B60–D35–CBWE5, and B95–CBWE5​ were chosen for further engine research based on their fuel properties remaining blends were eliminated. Experimental studies reveal that the B20–D75–CBWE5 mixture has the lowest BSFC of 0.381 kg/kWh and the highest BTE of 25.9% compared to other blends. However, as compared to other fuel blends, B100 has the highest BSFC, and that was reduced by dropping biodiesel blends in emulsion fuel to 20%. Also, the B100 produces the least carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and unburned hydrocarbon emissions at full load. Similarly, the B20 blend produces the least NO emission of 746 ppm, which was 31% less than diesel. The use of moringa oleifera biodiesel–diesel–carbon emulsion mixtures in a diesel engine results in slightly different combustion parameters including ignition delay period, rate of pressure rise, net heat release rate, and peak pressure as well as significant reduction. Moringa oleifera carbon black water emulsion blends have similar combustion, emission, and performance characteristics to conventional diesel, and biodiesel blends with a small content of carbon black could help to control the air pollution, without sacrificing engine power, economy and emissions.