EFFECT OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRAITS OF SOME BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES

Abstract

Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm, faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egyptduring 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons to investigate the effect of various combinations of mineral and organic fertilization systems (mineral nitrogen, organic nitrogen, phosphate ore and potassium ore) beside without fertilization treatment on yield and its components and technological traits of some bread wheat varieties (Gemmeiza 11, Gemmeiza 12, Misr 1, Giza 171 and Sids 13). The results obtained could be summarized as follows: Fertilization with any mineral and/or organic fertilizers caused increases in most yield and technological characters studied herein. Application of 50% mineral N + 50% organic N/fed was superior to the other fertilization systems in yield and its components (number of spikes/ m2, number of grains/spike, grain yield /fed and straw and biological yields/fed) and technological properties (protein, crude fiber, wet gluten and dry gluten percentages) followed by 100% mineral N/fed compared to other fertilization systems especially unfertilized plants which recorded the lowest values. However, the highest values of 1000-grain weight, spike weight and carbohydrates and ash percentages were recorded by application of 50% organic N + phosphate ore + potassium ore/fed. Data indicated that Giza 171 and Gemmeiza 11 varieties surpassed the other varieties in yield and its components (number of spikes/ m2, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, spike weight, grain yield/fed and straw and biological yields/fed) and technological properties (protein, wet gluten and dry gluten percentages) in favor of Giza 171 variety in most economic characters. However, the highest values of carbohydrates and ash percentages were obtained by Gemmeiza 12 and Sids 13, respectively. On the other hand, Misr 1 variety was the inferior variety in most characters studied. The interactions between fertilization systems and wheat varieties were found to be significant for most characters studied.It could be concluded that Giza 171 variety fertilized with 50% mineral N + 50% organic N/fed being the most effective combined treatment for maximizing most effective characters in yield and grain quality, where recorded the highest values of grain yield (3.869 and 3.906 ton /fed in the first and second seasons, respectively) under the environmental conditions of Menoufia governorate.