Abstract
Lead-free Ba0.1(Bi0.45Na0.45)TiO3 (BBNTO) nanoceramics were synthesized using high-energy ball milling, followed by a solid-state reaction method. XRD analysis of the microstructure indicated the formation of tetragonal symmetry. The crystallite size of the nanoceramic powder decreased from ~ 28nm to 10nm after milling for 0, 30, 60, and 90hours. The dielectric properties of the nanoceramics showed significant improvement, with a diffuse phase transition occurring around 80 °C). The dielectric constant increased with temperature across various frequencies, reached a maximum value at approximately at temperature ~ 380 °C. At lower temperatures and higher frequencies, the relative permittivity and tangent loss depend on the crystallite size and milling duration. Impedance spectroscopy data analysis revealed size-dependent impedance characteristics and dielectric relaxation. The ac conductivity plot adhered to the Arrhenius relation, and the calculated activation energy confirmed the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior. P-E loops confirmed ferroelectric properties, indicating potential for use in future ferroelectric-based storage devices.
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