Abstract
According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi city is currently facing the increased air pollution, especially particulate matter. This study examines the influence of meteorological factors including temperature, humidity and wind speed on PM10 concentration in Hanoi. The data used in this study include 24-h PM10 concentration data, hourly temperature, humidity and wind speed data in 2018 at three automatic air monitoring stations under Vietnam Environment Administration and Hanoi Natural Resources and Environment Department. The SPSS statistical analysis tools are utilized to analyze the correlation between PM10 concentration and meteorological factors through the Spearman (r) correlation coefficient. Additionally, the Independent-Sample T-Test is also employed to assess the difference in PM10 concentration in the period between dry season (from October to March) and wet season (from May to September). The results show that there is a trend of seasonal variation of PM10 concentration. Specifically, PM10 concentration recorded a higher value in winter and lower in summer. Different correlations between air pollutants and meteorological factors were also observed. PM10 concentration was inversely correlated (r 10 concentration during dry and wetseason. This outcome has confirmed the important role of meteorological factors in the formation of air pollution with large variations in different seasons and geological areas.
Highlights
Hanoi is one of the two largest cities in Vietnam
This study evaluates the linkages between meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and PM10 concentration in Hanoi city and to characterize the influence of meteorological parameters on PM10 pollution episodes in Hanoi
The study results from the influence of meteorological condition on PM10 concentration at three automatic air quality monitoring stations in Hanoi in 2018 has revealed that meteorological factors such as temperature, humidity and wind speed are inversely correlated with PM10 concentration in both dry and wet season
Summary
Besides the achievement on economic growth, the issue of environmental pollution, especially air pollution, is highly concerned. In 2016, there were a total of 5 million motorcycles in the city. In case the average growth rate reaches 10% annually, Hanoi will have about 11 million motorcycles by 2025 (Sakamoto et al, 2018). Within the assessment on the application possibility of dispersion model to map the air pollutant concentrations in Hanoi, it is demonstrated that motorcycle is the major source of air pollution, accounting for 92% - 95% of total emissions. The rapid urban development has caused severe issues on environmental pollution, especially air pollution from particulate matter (PM). During the period of 2001-2004, the level of PM pollution in Hanoi was ranked at the second position among six cities studied in Asia (Oanh et al, 2006) and the pollution index has continued to remain at a high level in recent years (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, 2017)
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