Abstract
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of blood pressure variability and carotid intima-media thickness in middle-aged hypertensive women during premenopausal, early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal and postmenopausal. And the effect of menopause status on them. Design and method: A total of 340 middle-aged hypertensive women were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Each subject underwent anthropometric measurements, serum biochemistry evaluation, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and carotid ultrasound. According to their menstrual status, they were divided into four groups: group 1 (premenopausal), group 2 (early perimenopausal), group 3 (late perimenopausal) and group 4 (post menopausal). Results: There was no difference in mean blood pressure between the 4 groups, but a statistical difference in systolic blood pressure variability (standard deviation, coefficient of variation). On multiple linear regression analysis, SDs (all-day SBP, daytime SBP, nighttime SBP), CVs (all-day SBP, daytime SBP, nighttime SBP) were influenced by late peri-menopausal and postmenopausal status. And IMT was influenced by postmenopausal status. On logistic regression analysis, the risk of IMT thickening in postmenopausal women was 3.217 times higher than premenopausal (OR = 3.217 (1.325–7.811)), and the risk of plaque is 2.793 times higher than premenopausal (OR = 2.793 (1.443–5.404)). Conclusions: Late perimenopausal and menopausal status can increase blood pressure variability independently of age and BMI. Menopause status can significantly increase the risk of carotid intima-media thickening and carotid plaque.
Published Version
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