Effect of Malvidin on Induction of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Cell Proliferation on Myeloid and Lymphoid Leukemia

Abstract

Malvidin is one of 6 most common anthocyanidins found in fruits and vegtables. studies suggest that anthocyanidins are bioactive chemicals have potential for treatment of cancer. Malvidin have been demonstrated to induce apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation in a number of cancer cell lines. However, to date, few studies have tested the potential of malvidin in the treatment of leukemia. In the present study, we investigated the antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties of malvidin in two human leukemia cell lines lymphoid cell line: SUP-B15 (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and myeloid cell line: KG-1a (acute myelogenous leukemia) in addition to non-tumour control cells (CD133+ HSC). We found that treatment of cells with malvidin at concentration 0, 25, 50 and 100 µM for 24 h resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation in both leukemia cell lines with obvious less cytotoxic effect on non-tumour control cells. In addition, malvidin induce apoptosis in a dose and dependent manner in both leukemia cells and confirmed that by activation of caspas-3 following 24 h treatment. Cell arrest at S phase has been indicated in both cell lines using DNA analysis by flow cytometry. These finding indicated that malvidin could inhibit leukemic cell proliferation and induce their apoptosis and might be used as one kind of functional food component or a novel nutraceutical beneficial for blood health.