Effect of magnetic field on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of magnetic manganese Oxide/Ethylene glycol Nanofluids: An experimental and ANFIS approach

Abstract

The magnetic manganese oxide (Mn3O4) nanowires were prepared by using solvothermal method and characterized by using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques. The stable Mn3O4/ethylene glycol nanofluids were prepared in the particle volume loadings ranging from 0 % to 1.25 %. The thermal conductivity and viscosity were measured in the temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 60 °C and in the magnetic field ranging from 0 to 2350 Gauss. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) algorithm was used to correlate the measured thermal conductivity and viscosity values. Experiments were shown that at ϕ = 1.25 % vol. of nanofluid, the thermal conductivity is enhanced by 18.8 % at 60 °C; moreover, the viscosity of ϕ = 1.25 % vol. of nanofluid is raised by 89.4 % at 20 °C, compared to base fluid. Further results showed that, nanofluid at ϕ = 1.25 % with magnetic field of 1150 Gauss, and at 60 °C the thermal conductivity is enhanced by 52.4 %; however, nanofluid at ϕ = 1.25 % with magnetic field of 1450 Gauss, and at 20 °C, the viscosity is enhanced by 207 % against the same nanofluid without magnetic field. The used algorithm was successfully predicted the target data with a root mean square error of 0.0013744 and 0.311183 for thermal conductivity and viscosity data.