Abstract
BackgroundLycopene prevents bone loss in osteopenic models. However, the role of lycopene in the success rate of dental implants under osteopenic conditions remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether lycopene prevents delayed implant osseointegration in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model.MethodsThirty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: OVX with vehicle (OVX group), OVX with lycopene (OVX + lycopene group) and sham-operated with vehicle (sham group). Twelve weeks after ovariectomy or sham operation, titanium implants were placed into the distal metaphysis of the bilateral femurs of each rat. These rats were subsequently gavaged with lycopene (50 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. After 12 weeks of gavage, all rats were sacrificed, and specimens were harvested. Sample osseointegration was evaluated by biomechanical testing, 3D micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis and histomorphometric analysis.ResultsCompared with the OVX group, the OVX + lycopene group showed a 69.3% increase in the maximum push-out force (p < 0.01). Micro-CT data for the femurs in the OVX + lycopene group showed significantly higher bone volume, trabecular thickness and less trabecular space than did those in the OVX group. The bone area (BA) around the implant and bone contact (BC) with the implant were increased by 72.3% (p < 0.01) and 51.4% (p < 0.01) in the OVX + lycopene group, respectively, compared with those in the OVX group. There was no significant difference in the mechanical test, micro-CT scanning and histomorphometric data between the OVX + lycopene and sham groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsLycopene improved implant osseointegration, fixation and bone formation under osteopenic conditions, suggesting that lycopene is a promising therapeutic agent to prevent delayed implant osseointegration and bone loss under osteopenic conditions.
Highlights
Lycopene prevents bone loss in osteopenic models
Biomechanical test Biomechanical testing data indicated that implant fixation decreased in the OVX group, while lycopene treatment almost prevented this effect
Micro-CT analysis In 2D and 3D transverse micro-CT images, the peri-implant bone volume was lower in the OVX group than in the sham group, while the volume was higher in the OVX + lycopene group than in the OVX group (Fig. 4)
Summary
Lycopene prevents bone loss in osteopenic models. the role of lycopene in the success rate of dental implants under osteopenic conditions remains unknown. Some researchers have proposed that oxidative stress and antioxidants might play a role in fracture healing [14, 15]. After fracture, oxidative stress significantly increases due to severe bone loss and ischaemia [14]. In cases when the antioxidant system is compromised, elevated ROS activity leads to oxidative stress, which inhibits osteogenesis and can reduce bone regenerative capacity [15]. BednarekTupikowksa et al demonstrated higher oxidative biomarkers and reduce d antioxidative potency in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women [16]; these findings are associated with compromised bone healing capacity due to osteoporosis. An antioxidant-based diet prevented bone loss in menopausal women [18], and a case-control study showed that the antioxidant intake score was inversely associated with hip fracture risk in ever-smokers but not in never-smokers [19]. Antioxidant therapy might be useful in promoting osseointegration under osteoporotic conditions
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