Abstract
In this study, a series of (Ba0.95Ca0.05)(Ti0.90Sn0.10)O3–xLiF (BCTS–xLiF) (0≤x≤6mol%) lead-free piezoceramics were fabricated by a conventional solid-state reaction method. The incorporation of LiF could significantly improve the sinterability of BCTS ceramics by reducing the sintering temperature from 1480°C to 1250°C, where a relative density over 90% was achieved with grown grains of 5–20μm. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy experiments revealed that BCTS–xLiF ceramics are composed of coexisting R–O–T phases at 0≤x≤1 and R–T phases at 2≤x≤6 at room temperature. Optimal piezoelectric properties of d33=510pC/N, kp=40.9%, εr=5370, tanδ=0.019 and dS/dE=961pm/V were obtained at x=5, which is attributed to the coexistence of R and T phases with an optimum ratio at room temperature and dense structure with large grains.
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