Abstract
An increase in the activity and the appearance of a new isoform of NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (MDH; EC 1.1.1.37) has been detected in the liver of rats with alloxan diabetes was revealed. This confirms the possibility of MDH involvement in the adaptive reaction of the body under oxidative tress caused by biochemical changes in diabetic animals. The increase in the hepatic MDH activity in rats with experimental type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with the formation of an additional MDH isoform in peroxisomes. Data on the expression of the MDH encoding genes mdh1 and mdh2 confirm that in T1DM the increase in MDH activity occurs at the level of transcription of MDH encoding genes. The use of the extract of Helianthus tuberosus led to a marked decrease in the blood glucose concentration of rats with alloxan diabetes, abolished by the change in transcriptional activity of the studied genes and blocked the formation of new MDH isoforms in rats with experimental alloxan diabetes. This suggest that extract of H. tuberosus may be of considerable interest from the point of view of pharmacological correction of metabolic changes during the development of pathologies of this kind.
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