Abstract
Silver scurf is a surface blemish disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers caused by Helminthosporium solani Durieu & Mont. Silver scurf is becoming a disease of high economic impact. In this study, the effect of different iron (FeSO4, FeCl2) and nitrogen (NaNO2, NaNO3, NH4Cl, NH4NO3) salts on H. solani conidial germination and on potato silver scurf development was evaluated. The results show that iron and nitrogen salts affect in vitro germination of H. solani conidia. Conidia were particularly sensitive to FeSO4 and FeCl2. These salts completely inhibited conidial germination and were shown to be toxic at a concentration of 0.9 mM. Among the nitrogen salts tested, conidia were most affected by NaNO2 and NH4Cl, which almost completely inhibited their germination at a concentration of 169.7 mM. NaNO2 was also toxic to conidia. Among the salts tested, only FeSO4, FeCl2 and NaNO2 reduced the development of silver scurf. Comparison of the effect of the different tested salts leads to the conclusion that ions Fe++ and NO2 − have toxic effects on the conidia and repressive effects on silver scurf development while NO3 − and NH4 + have no toxic effect on conidia and no repressive effect on silver scurf development.
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